The end of his presidential tenure was marked by the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, the Nicaraguan Revolution and the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. On the economic front, he confronted stagflation, a persistent combination of high inflation, high unemployment and slow growth. Carter pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties, the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II), and the return of the Panama Canal Zone to Panama. He created a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology. During his term, two new cabinet-level departments-the Department of Energy and the Department of Education-were established. On his second day in office, Carter pardoned all Vietnam War draft evaders by issuing Proclamation 4483. In the 1976 presidential election, Carter ran as an outsider and narrowly defeated incumbent Republican president Gerald Ford. Despite being a dark-horse candidate who was generally unknown outside of Georgia, he won the 1976 Democratic presidential nomination.
From 1963 to 1967, Carter served in the Georgia State Senate, and in 1970 was elected as the governor of Georgia, defeating former Governor Carl Sanders in the Democratic primary. He became an activist within the Democratic Party.
During this period, Carter was encouraged to oppose racial segregation and support the growing civil rights movement. Nevertheless, his ambition to expand and grow the family's peanut farm was fulfilled. He inherited comparatively little due to his father's forgiveness of debts and the division of the estate amongst himself and his siblings. After the death of his father in 1953, he left his naval career and returned home to Plains, where he assumed control of his family's peanut-growing business. Since leaving office, Carter has remained engaged in political and social projects.īorn and raised in Plains, Georgia, Carter graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1946 with a Bachelor of Science degree and joined the United States Navy, serving on numerous submarines. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975 and as a Georgia state senator from 1963 to 1967. (born October 1, 1924) is an American former politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981.
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